Tawavopa va Tanzania
Tawavopa va Tanzania
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Tanzania
Tanzania
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1. Tawavo
1.1 Se pozlakelor is savsafa azekexa is tculktraspuxa
Tanzaniaxo va staaveem ke Roneafrika nelkon atoer : va tanzidafa ontinafa azekexapa se dem nelkon tiannafe dre, roneon kimanafa gu kadoma siduksidukon titeasa vane welfa ; is va jontolaf pozlaf bourg dem taneaf va patcta talteon kimas is toleaf isteon ardovas ; is adim va zolonaf tculkfey se vanmiaeon nelkon tid Meru is Kilimanjaro (bato tis tele waltodase ke Afrika is tel lodadalas fluvor ke bati tadavaki).
Anameon disa va lenteon Victoria uzda? is getalteon Rukwa kelor is roneon istef kelor, istefa azekexa tir teli logijafi patctaki. Tir tawavo debaleweso moe 1000-1400 m- mialukaf ontinuk is caneon nendanafo gu arstoyeem is fluvoreem kene tela toloya nelkafa yaltaconha. Lentronu (poke Kenia jowa) is ge patcta (ickriloe Malawi uzda), tel laeeemap va tanoya conha tazukar, va gijarotif mevtakarniz solparsas va koefo azekexaxo sol welfa. Toloy bugakirapaf tculk lenteon kalfelid : Kilimanjaro (5895 m-) is Meru (4630 m-) nasbanaf gu burgitraspuxa ba tazukawera ke pozlakelor se ; Usambara mevteem lae (roneon) riwe tide bira, is talteon Hanang mevteem lae (3417 m-) is Lengai (2878 m-) aname Ngorongoro? gulaf skarn (tan logijaf koe tamava), vokeon madawed. Bat fluvor se va tculkacakirafe divatcepe yo tidead : va Serengeti azekexa is Masai rijust. Geef laeeem madawes reme toloya gama ke Rift Valley, lente Malawi uzda, dere tid tculkxantaf : Kipengere Range is Mbeya mevteem is Livingstone mevteem aname Rungwe anoelaf fey (3175 m-).
Zavzaks ke patcta va vegemafa azekexapa se tite krimtazeka ruldar. Jadion omaf is buxaf is kontomon dem kenefa abrotcafa labaconha se is fereon uzdakakiraf, krimt va 800 km- artear. Volrontaf is drakxokiraf, va lanote aludevafa is bravakiranhafa ceda se zeitafa ta moltkoplekura is va konaka ewala atoer.
2. Lidawicka
2.1 Male bwakrimt kale noldaxo ke Kilimanjaro
Witalumuveem bal kotaf ilanacek va lentexo ke patcta vanolar ; arlize solwira va cadim yo tir cufa ise muvareem kare lizukaf gropeem (tulon ontinafe tculkafe lae ke Victoria uzda gola pakavon levgase va keskeem ke witaluabdalidawicka) lidam lofa ok lefa pokeuca ke birafa anameda arapeniwer. Mo telo ronton rambanafo krimtxomo muvareem va 1000 m- (1057 m- koe Dar es-Salaam) jadion kaikear ise koe Pemba ewala isu Zanzibar? isu Mafia va 1500 mm- mialukafa tandafa voda rozomer.
Kaike taneaf arstoy se solparsas va krimt sol ontinazekexaxo, muvaravwa torigiron tulegijar (659 mm- koe Kondoa talte Masai rijust) ; kevoke gee azekexa, gola lize tawetctazuk tis tite siduksidukon krimtxo vamoer, kevsukanuca ke biraf turestareem tir xanta va voda se vanasa ok kaikasa va tela yo tisa kene welfa (lo 1100 mm- muvareem tandon mo Songea, widava mon tisa arte 100 km- male Malawi uzda is lo 400 km- male krimt). Zavzaks ke tawavo lepon zo sister (wale 800 is 900 mm- koe Tabora iste isteazekexa lidam Kigoma kene Tanganyika uzda), antaf ontinaf is kevsukananhaf fluvor se kazawas va aultoves muvareem.
Yankeem, zolonaf is tantazukaf mo krimtxo tite lentefe lae se is domega ke Victoria uzda (pokeon idul gan 70-75 % brutafu abdilu jadion zo dositar, nume alpoz tir gamiapaf) lelegijar vane azekexistexo lize tust yo rozomes va 10° wale afizcuge is mielcuge. Fereon rindaf kelt is rodanhaf gael (brutafa abduca va 55-60% rion kaikar) ke bate divatcepe mialukon tise wale 1000 is 1400 m- va azekexaxo (tulon lenteon) tugalodapad nume ta ayategiraceem in tir kalvekapaf.
Tel lozolonaf yankeem tir mo krimt bal 12-aksat is 1-aksat (bak geef idulugal) ; tel lezolonaf tuwavon mo tel lodontinaf tculklaeeem zo vertokar : vamo 4000-4300 m- ontinuk Kilimanjaro ontine va muvareem kiewagis va elubkanoldafa badapa is gestus va konak oprakam kazawar.
Jadion, debala ke patcta moe bwaf is witaluf laksiwak is vamoesuca ke tidexo se noved da balemoyo nelkafo ruxaxo zo solwid : mantafo aalxo poke krimt ; mellafe divatcepe yo wale 500-1300 m- ontinuk (trabe teli logijafi patctaki) ; rijust male 1500 m-, tulon Masai rijustap gee Kilimanjaro ; adim, elubkafo soporafo aalxo az ontinamevtaf ruxeem moe muvanapaf lentef fluvoreem. Moe ewaleem, taneodafo tir griawinapafo.
Jadion, lo mialuk ke tanzaniaf welmot tir dem amnakiramafa sudanindafa mella is aalkirafa mella lize tandatoakiraf aal is rucka is dapotaalpale vamoed. Iste is gee patcta, bat tantazukaf ruxeem fereon tir waljoanaf gu brufendaalkirafo aalxo. Mella, rekolon levplekuna gan eaftaf fird se maletis va mivanteyawera golde turodasa awaltkeska lidam tegira va gridubura gan tawamidusikeem, va werdafa kerdela tandatandon loloon atoer. Kene kukseem joke kuksaal griawir.
Lentef laeeem va katcalafa ruxafa kerdela se atoer. Antaf vamoe rijustap Kilimanjaro dataf tculkfey va ruxavegemeem atoer. Titeon, aultoves muvareem al noved da ekamafo witaluaalxo vonewer. Bato aalxo tir kulafo gu tciaminta (furayaal is irokoaal is sladuaal) ise merokolunafa kerdela tir lopofa yoke jontika atoewesa gefesta isu comapt. Vamoe 1000 m-, levaalxo tulodaftapar vexe aalxo va gijarotif is gulaf aal se (tulon dataf podocarpus is juniperus procera) vider. Azon vamoe 2500-3000 m- aalamkirafo ruxaxo az mevtawerdxo az adim tijxo is berdavaxo vleve ontinuknoldaxo.
3. Laveem
3.1 Kukseem vane nelkaf afrikaf bost yo
Bost yo kodubies va Tanzania sol zavzaks ke patcta kan tentunajafa conha ledam stapese lae talte istazekexa solparsawed. Rade pilkovaf tod ke koetraspusa voa yo artasa va Natron uzda iku Eyasi iku Manyara (pasusa va ronef kelor ke Rift Valley), is va Rukwa uzda (trenaxo va Malawi uzda yalta), tanon bosteem kotrapus va India welfa ise aron tel arttraspus va Victoria uzda? iku Tanganyika iku Malawi zo rosolwid.
Rufiji bost kayestas va laveem mou mon 180.000 km² tir tela rapa arttraspusa va krimtxo. Rototanon titu nardaxo kadime kokuksaxo va Luwegu, kan xatoykirapafa riskapa ko Mafia vedil kobirawer. Tel ar bostap artas va India welfa, Ruvuma, kene mon 920 km- va Mozambika jowa kimar. Lenteon, adim, Pangani bost wale Meru mevta isu Kilimanjaro klitar aze keno Masai rijust rimekrimekon traspur aze art 350 km- lente Pemba ewala kobirawer.
Do vegungikeem va baroya logijafa afrikafa uzda : lenteon Victoria is talteon Tanganyika is geeon Malawi. Ede yoke turowinawera ke Rift Valley baroya tazukaweyed, anton bata toloya tid pozlaxantafa, solve da Victoria uzda tir tceldanhafa.
Lekeon yoltayana kan Nyanza ("lava" swahiliavon), Victoria uzda? tir tela logijafa koefa koe Afrika is tela toleafa koe tamava ; intaf 68.100 km² (miala va Tanzania pasur, Kenia is Uganda va zavzaks digison) va tceldama moe azekexa kereled : cugafa aludevuca tir 80 m-, ise welma tir 1134 m- ontinuk vamoe biravwa. Tawavopik se bak Savsugal?, tuke nisu yo kayestayanu male afrikafa sanelia se gan taneaf totasik yo zomeyes va krimt se ke Roneafrika, va inafa kruldesuca uculeyed, vexe Victoria uzda bak 1858 gan Speke englaf vestasik anton zo kosmayar. Battan wetce "caput Nili" bam vaon ve torigiyir. Kagera kuksa, klitasa koe Burundia, wetce ageltafa klita ke Nil bost batvielon zo krupter. Digison va jontika ewala (tela logijafa tir Ukerewe) divatcewesa moe mon 6000 km², Victoria uzda kuksaxo tir mon 238.000 km² ; lavavwa va zolonaf cadimaf arapeniwereem atoer, dem pereaksatafe vols santaneaksatafe cuge kare vertuma ke muvareem. Intaf talgakorapaf krimteem va Speke aludevafu pargalu digir. Domegeem tir modivatcenaf gu soporaf ruxeem dem jadion aalxo vox dere lobaxopo yo.
Toleafa uzda moe Afrika tadava kapbure welma, Tanganyika uzda tir geefa pakava ke taltef kelor ke Rift Valley ise sol Congoa is Zambia va Tanzania solparsar. Tadleson va tele loglupafe pozlaxantafe lavadivatce moe winta (32.000 km²), Tanganyika uzda tir toleaf kapbure aludevilu radimi Baikal uzda : 1470 m- vleve 774 m- uzdavwa. Bak 1858 gan Speke is Burton zo reduyur aze mali 1867 gan Livingtone zo vestayar. Battan exonerakiewaskiyir da Tanganikya kuksaxo tiyir volrupteso va Nil. Kevoke, mali Pleistova, ugale latrayap fradayeyer nume ko Lukuga numay vaon asmalgimayar, acum tidu 340 m- inafa vwa ve tulodomayar. Bata datafa koefa bira (abrotcon 650 km- is manton 50-80 km-) gan Uvinza kuksa is Moyowosi is Malagarasi toloya kovoa nelkon zo blotar.
Tite Rungwe mevteem isu Livingstone, geexo ke Rift Valley tir kerelenafo gu Malawi uzda (savson Nyassa), vexe lavaploda va Malawia pasur.
4. Golaf staaveem
4.1 Krimt is ewaleem
Krimtxo keno 800 km- wale Kenia is Mozambika divimpawer. Lenteon tite Usambara mevteem, inafa mantuca volcugon tir 35 km-, aze kale 200 km- isteon, liz nelkaf bost yo kobirad, tulolomantawer. Krimt tir waljoanaf gu radimeaca dem uzdaka ik reca ik riska ik ceda ik kioda ise konaka ewala keneon tid. Jontiko rotiso gondaxo tid xanta ke birabutc malipon grupen gan patcta.
Arte konak decitmetrolk male krimt, Zanzibar? tir nelkon azentafa is ventamafa ewala. Antafe lae tir Mazingini istefo walziaxo, raporaf is anamkaf fluvor waltodas kale 216 m- ontinuk. Ede ronef krimteem tir rontaf is braviskapaf, taltexo ke ewala, irfodanafo gu drakxo, va konak velk isu jadion aludevamafa ceda atoer. Sidopafe dre tir riwe milafe do tele ke tadavafo krimtxo. Noon savena, Zanzibar ewala wori zavzar dem vaf witaluruxeem icle koe taltefa pakava.
Dere ruldasa va kulafo aalxo ise ektudasa va warzera va luminda, Pemba tir lopinafa ewala, kotron dwakafa ise ke dana talgakorapaf is strumbaf krimteem va volvexapafa kerdela zilir.
Ironokafa zolonafa ewala lente Tanzania krimt, Mafia, loon geeon debalewesa (lente Rufiji kuksart), tir tela lopinafa ke baroya. 440 km² dwakewala tir wageyaalxokirapafa.
Poon turestan gan debala poke witalu, lidawicka ke tanzaniaf krimt gan rambakeskeem ostik zo levplekur. Bal kotaf ilanacek ton tizafo vox trelafo xefto muvapa baliewer, dem cuge se wali 3-aksat-5-aksat (iklavamuvara) is 10-aksat-12-aksat (viele rambar).
Belc ke bata gola va balemoya alubeaca ke patcta kaatoer. Tir datafa azekexa aludevon ardovanafa koe rav gu ronef kelor ke Rift Valley, ke dana tankomuca konaklize tir waljoanafa gu konaka azekakorafa drovubama is arstoy (tulon lentetalte Dodoma Kilimatinde tel ok kene taltedomega ke Great Ruaha Mbeya tel). Moe sid pakavon besanaf gu mudjamit (moekote koe geexo), antiafe wankafe lae se konaklize divsidawed. Kevoke koe lentexo, sideem nelkon tir dem burgifa ugota modivatcenafa gu fulteyafa badama.
Tantazukanhaf, ontinuk ke istefa azekexa wale 1000 is 1200 m- arapeniwer. Kale 700 m- kene istefa tcelda wori tulodomawer ise moe tidefa taltefa kadoma (Iringa azekexa is Kilosa bria se ikz-) va 2400 m- rozomer. Bene bate divatcepe Usambara mevteem zo rokavaniksantur. Bat sol zavzaks ke ronefa kadoma tir solparsanaf gu Pangani vwepaf krant ise ironokaf sekoleem arte le 30 km- male krimt tir. Geef is geronef kadomeem va mevtafa kerdela is lodesaf tazuk se kaatoer, pilkovon koe Kipengere Range. Bato rodo va Usangu koefo tceldaxo (liz Great Ruaha kuksa isu Kisigo kovoad nume va Rufiji tazukad) sol Malawi kuksaxo solparsar.
Lidawicka, ke dan ist azekexa laviskuca tulologijawer, va kruldesuca ke mazdaf ruxeem ke aalamkirafa mella is brufendaalkiraf rijust anton nover. Ixam sutafe, bate ruxafe divatce gan noalafa is megrustana is kalvekansafa tawamidurafa savera fereon zo ligunder. Vane lentexo, patctoy vanpir miombo, rodafo tcastafo tandatoakirafo aalxo. Poke Victoria uzda? brufendaalkiraf rijust is lurdmella toz turowinawed lize, kale lodabdafa gola yo novesa va vonera va kazafa midura se, torstaal is "fuzolwerd" goated. Bat ruxeem tir ind ke aultoves dunoleem, nelkon lospanaf koe jontiko lentefo kalnendaxo.
4.3 Tculkapeem is vedeylurdeem
Poke Kilimanjaro, va tantazukafe divatce ke ontinazekexa ar antiaf fluvor felir : ledontinafa (4630 m-) Meru mevta bak tel lo ilanacek va noldiskrama soe digir. Vane taltexo, poke Rift Valley, Ngorongoro? tir, tenanteyanaf tculk mali toloya celemda is bam zomes va 5000 m-, batvielon kotgrupaf yoke dataf skarn (tan loglupaf koe tamava : 250 km²). Koe ludev dunolaf apt yo jontikote nuyanhon blid. Ostik me grupet tokugale is tokkane lan bat se (tulon troskol) ko bata suxaca dem 700 m- ontinafa anamefa roremigajana rebavega al rolanid.
Koe bat lentef seg, lanon tel lolistaf koe Tanzania, 14.000 km² ke Serengeti? vedeylurd divatcewed, datafo dzavenafo werdxo, ciaenafo gu brufendaal is tciastafa amna, gelbe tori konak decitoy malem, krapol ik kustrol ik beicekol ik putcol ik uzekol ik fuzol, grupes da tid bravakiraf kev tcabanhesik is tadusik.
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